Pump Training Goals and Objectives

Educating Insulin Pump Users on Self-Management

Pre-pump and ongoing self-management education in the use of a pump should include correction of any misconceptions the person with diabetes (PWD) may have regarding insulin pump therapy. The diabetes care and education specialist must conduct an assessment of the individual’s knowledge of diabetes, knowledge deficits and preferred learning style to develop an individualized education plan. The individual’s age or education level should not be considered a deciding factor in their ability to utilize pump therapy.

At a minimum, the prospective pump user should have knowledge of the physiology of diabetes and an understanding of the relationship between insulin and food, stress, exercise and other factors that affect blood glucose. The foundation for advanced self-management with use of an insulin pump is best served with a thorough knowledge of diabetes management skills, including the ability to troubleshoot and problem-solve, recognize and respond to glucose patterns, and demonstrate appropriate self-care behaviors.⁹

Pump Education Objectives Include:

• Establishment of goals
• Competence in carbohydrate counting
• Full understanding of insulin-to-carbohydrate ratios
• Full understanding of correction (sensitivity) factors

And the ability to:

• Manage hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia
• Properly fill and insert cartridge/reservoir and insert and change infusion sets
• Detect infusion set and site issues
• Manage sick days, exercise and travel
• Obtain supplies
• Troubleshoot and solve problems that may arise in use of their pump
• Recognize the need for a back-up insulin regimen and how to safely switch back to injections
• Determine how and where to wear the pump
• Determine when and how to disconnect the pump

Pre-pump education varies widely based on the incoming knowledge of the person with diabetes and or caregiver. Some individuals complete two to three one-hour sessions with a verbal exchange of information. Others need a structured learning environment that is spread over an extended period of time with practical or written evaluations to gauge their level of comprehension. A group class covering pump education can be a time effective means for provisions of education. Reminder: The educational plan for children should include their parents and caregivers.^9,10

References:

^{1. Bergenstal R, Tamorlane W, Ahmann A et al. Effectiveness of sensor-augmented insulin-pump therapy in Type 1 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2010:363:311-320. 2. Bally L, Hood T and Hovorka R. Closed-loop for Type 1 diabetes-an introduction and appraisal for the generalist. BMC Medicine. 2-17:15:14. Accessed 8/26/2017/ 3. Heinemann L, Fleming G, Petrie J et al. Insulin Pump Risks and Benefits: A Clinical Appraisal of Pump Safety Standards, Adverse Event Reporting, and Research Needs A Joint Statement of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes and the American Diabetes Association Diabetes Technology Working Group. Diabetes Care 2015;38:716–722. 4. Grunberger G, Abelseth J, Bailey T, et al. (2014) Consensus Statement by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/American College of Endocrinology Insulin Pump Management Task Force. Endocrine Practice: 2014:20(5) 463-489. 5. Decision Memo for Insulin Pump: C-Peptide Levels as a Criterion for Use (CAG-00092R) available: https://www.cms.gov/medicare-coverage-database/details/nca-decision-memo.aspx?NCAId=109&. Accessed 9/6/2017 6. Beck J, Greenwood D, Blanton L et al. 2017 National Standards for Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support. https://doi.org/10.2337/dci17-0025. Accessed 9/9/2017. 7. Walsh J, Roberts R. Pumping Insulin: Everything for Success on an Insulin Pump and CGM. 6th Edition. Torrey Pines Press, 2016 8. McCrea, D. A Primer on Insulin Pump Therapy for Health Care Providers. Nurs Clin N Am 52 (2017) 553–564. 9. Bolderman K. “Pump Start-Up” in Putting Your Patients on the Pump. Alexandria VA: American Diabetes Association 2013. 10. Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes--2017. Diabetes Care. 2017;40 Suppl 1:S48-57. 11. Handelsman Y, Mechanick JI, Blonde L, et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists Medical Guidelines for Clinical Practice for developing a diabetes mellitus comprehensive care plan. Endocr Pract. 2011;17 Suppl 2:1-53. 12. Clayton-Jeter H. Contributing Factors to Insulin Pump Errors in Children, Adolescents and Adults Available: http://www.fda.gov/forhealthprofessionals/articlesofinterest/ucm295562.htm. Accessed February 13, 2014. 13. Aldasouqi S and Reed A. Pitfalls of insulin pump clocks: technical glitches that may potentially affect medical care in patient with diabetes. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2014;8(6):1215-1220. 14. Evert AB, Insulin pump therapy troubleshooting for optimal performance. Empower. 2015;7(4):23-24 15. Guilhem I, Leguerrier AM, Lecordier F, et al. Technical risks with subcutaneous insulin infusion. Diabetes Metab. 2006;32(3):279-284. 16. Maahs D, Horton L and Chase H. The use of insulin pumps in youth with Type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Technol Ther 2010;12(suppl1):S59-65. 17. Cornish A, Chase HP. Navigating airport security with an insulin pump and/or sensor. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2012;14(11):984-985. 18. American Diabetes Association. Fact Sheet – Air Travel and Diabetes Available: http://www.diabetes.org/living-with-diabetes/know-your-rights/discrimination/publicaccommodations/air-traveland-diabetes/what-can-i-bring-with-me.html?referrer=https://www.google.com/. Accessed 9/10/2017 19. Diabetes care in the school and day care setting. Diabetes Care. 2014;37 Suppl 1:S91-96. 20. McCrea D. Management of the hospitalized diabetes patient with an insulin pump. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 2013;25(1):111-121. 21. Boyle ME, Seifert KM, Beer KA, et al. Guidelines for application of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (insulin pump) therapy in the perioperative period. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2012;6(1):184- 190. 22. Buchko BL, Artz B, Dayhoff S, et al. Improving care of patients with insulin pumps during hospitalization: translating the evidence. 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